Apache – Daoyuan Li

Migrating/Installing Prestashop to Amazon AWS EC2

Published 2015/02/25 by Daoyuan Li

Recently I migrated a Prestashop website to AWS/EC2 and the process is quite smooth. Here’s how to do it.

1. Get your Website data: including Prestashop website files and a latest database dump. Remove all the files except index.php in /cache/smarty/compile and /cache/smarty/cache. (See here.)

2. Launch your EC2 instance. But before doing that, check first if a pre-configured or managed Prestashop is available in your preferred region (more info here). If not, choose the appropriate instance type and get it running. In my case I chose Ubuntu Linux.

3. Install the AMP (Apache, MySQL and PHP). On Ubuntu you can simply do it with a few simple commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo tasksel install lamp-server
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo tasksel install lamp-server

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

Make sure that you remember your password for MySQL root user and phpmyadmin user.

4. Copy your database dump and website files to your EC2 instance using scp, for instance:

scp -i you-key.pem files.tar.gz ubuntu@your-ec2-instance.compute.amazonaws.com

1	scp -i you-key.pem files.tar.gz ubuntu@your-ec2-instance.compute.amazonaws.com

5. Create a MySQL user for Prestashop, you don’t want to use the root user for this purpose. You can do this using phpmyadmin or a command line. Also, create a database for Prestashop and grant the user you’ve created just now all privileges on this database.

6. Import your database from the dump:

mysql -u root -p ps < db_dump.sql

1	mysql -u root -p ps < db_dump.sql

7. Extract your website files on your EC2 instance. In my case, inside /var/www/html/. If there is an index.html file inside this directory, remove it first. Make sure you set the correct user and group to all the website files:

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data *
sudo chmod -R 755 *

1 2	sudo chown -R www-data:www-data * sudo chmod -R 755 *

Note that if don’t set the correct permissions, you may get complaints from Apache, like the following:

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught exception ‘SmartyException’ with message ‘unable to write file /var/www/html/cache/smarty/compile/46/d9/69/wrt54ecd6c1856a72.61943173’ in /var/www/html/tools/smarty/sysplugins/smarty_internal_write_file.php:44

Stack trace:

#0 /var/www/html/tools/smarty/sysplugins/smarty_internal_template.php(201): Smarty_Internal_Write_File::writeFile(‘/var/www/html/c…’, ‘<?php /* Smarty…’, Object(Smarty))

#1 /var/www/html/tools/smarty/sysplugins/smarty_internal_templatebase.php(155): Smarty_Internal_Template->compileTemplateSource()

#2 /var/www/html/classes/controller/AdminController.php(1936): Smarty_Internal_TemplateBase->fetch(‘controllers/mod…’)

#3 /var/www/html/classes/controller/AdminController.php(2337): AdminControllerCore->initModal()

#4 /var/www/html/classes/controller/Controller.php(163): AdminControllerCore->init()

#5 /var/www/html/classes/Dispatcher.php(373): ControllerCore->run()

#6 /var/www/html/admin123/index.php(54): DispatcherCore->dispatch()

#7 {main}\n thrown in /var/www/html/tools/smarty/sysplugins/smarty_internal_write_file.php on line 44

8. Enable mcrypt for PHP:

sudo updatedb
locate mcrypt.ini
> /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini
locate mcrypt.so
> /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
> /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
> /usr/lib/php5/20121212/mcrypt.so
sudo vi /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini
sudo php5enmod mcrypt
ls -al /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini
> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Feb 24 19:32 /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini -> ../../mods-available/mcrypt.ini
ls -al /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini
> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Feb 24 19:32 /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini -> ../../mods-available/mcrypt.ini
service apache2 restart

sudo updatedb

locate mcrypt.ini

> /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini

locate mcrypt.so

> /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

> /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

> /usr/lib/php5/20121212/mcrypt.so

sudo vi /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini

sudo php5enmod mcrypt

ls -al /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini

> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Feb 24 19:32 /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini -> ../../mods-available/mcrypt.ini

ls -al /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini

> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Feb 24 19:32 /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini -> ../../mods-available/mcrypt.ini

service apache2 restart

9. Update your Prestashop settings in the config/settings.inc.php file. Set the correct database information.

10. Enable mod_rewrite:

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo service apache2 restart

1 2	sudo a2enmod rewrite sudo service apache2 restart

Also, make sure to add something like the following in your apache site configuration file:

        <Directory />
                Options FollowSymLinks
                AllowOverride all
        </Directory>
        <Directory /var/www/html/>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
                AllowOverride all
                Order allow,deny
                allow from all
        </Directory>

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride all

</Directory>

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews

AllowOverride all

Order allow,deny

allow from all

</Directory>

And then remember to restart your apache server.

11. Install sendmail:

sudo apt-get install sendmail

1	sudo apt-get install sendmail

12. Go to your Prestashop back office and reconfigure your domain. Go to Preferences -> SEO & URLs and scroll down to Set shop URL section.

Now everything should be OK, your new Prestashop website is available on your new domain!

If you have any issues, just drop a line here or email me.

4 Comments

Debugging Apache configuration files on Mac OS X

Published 2013/10/31 by Daoyuan Li

Sometimes I make some modification to my site’s apache config and apache stops functioning, but I cannot get enough information from /var/log/apache2/error.log. Here’s a command that will tell you where the problem is:

sudo /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -e Debug -E /dev/stdout

1	sudo /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -e Debug -E /dev/stdout

It starts apache for debugging and prints out the messages on screen, so that hopefully you can find something useful.

mod_wsgi and mod_xsendfile on OS X 10.9 Mavericks

Published 2013/10/27 by Daoyuan Li

Updated on Nov 4, 2013: The following tricks may still work, however I have found a much easier solution. Simply install Xcode command line developer tools and you should be able to compile source code without issues:

$ xcode-select --install

1	$ xcode-select --install

After upgrading my Mac from 10.8 to 10.9 Mavericks my apache stopped working, so I have to reinstall mod_wsgi and mod_xsendfile. However, tricks are needed to compile and install these mods successfully.

Upgrade Xcode

Upgrade Xcode in App Store. As mentioned by Valerie:

I had to manually upgrade Xcode (after Mavericks upgrade) from the App Store & agree to its license because ./configure hung forever until I did that.

mod_wsgi

For mod_wsgi installation, create a soft link to OSX10.9.xctoolchain:

cd /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/
sudo ln -s XcodeDefault.xctoolchain OSX10.9.xctoolchain

1 2	cd /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/ sudo ln -s XcodeDefault.xctoolchain OSX10.9.xctoolchain

Then run configure under mod_wsgi source code directory:

mod_wsgi-3.4$ ./configure

1	mod_wsgi-3.4$ ./configure

It will generate a Makefile similar as follows:

#  Copyright 2007 GRAHAM DUMPLETON                                               
#                                                                                
#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");               
#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.              
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                       
#                                                                                
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                
#                                                                                
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software           
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,             
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.      
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and           
#  limitations under the License.                                                

APXS = /usr/sbin/apxs                                                            
PYTHON = /usr/local/bin/python                                                   

DESTDIR =                                                                        
LIBEXECDIR = /usr/libexec/apache2                                                

CPPFLAGS =  -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG 
CFLAGS =   -Wc,'-arch x86_64'                                                    
LDFLAGS =  -Wl,-F/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks -framework Python -u _PyMac_Error   -arch x86_64
LDLIBS =  -ldl  -framework CoreFoundation                                        

all : mod_wsgi.la                                                                

mod_wsgi.la : mod_wsgi.c                                                         
    $(APXS) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) mod_wsgi.c $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS)             

$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) :                                                        
    mkdir -p $@                                                                  

install : all $(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR)                                            
    $(APXS) -i -S LIBEXECDIR=$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) -n 'mod_wsgi' mod_wsgi.la 

clean :                                                                          
    -rm -rf .libs                                                                
    -rm -f mod_wsgi.o mod_wsgi.la mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.slo mod_wsgi.loT          
    -rm -f config.log config.status                                              
    -rm -rf autom4te.cache                                                       

distclean : clean                                                                
    -rm -f Makefile Makefile.in                                                  

realclean : distclean                                                            
    -rm -f configure

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

# You may obtain a copy of the License at

# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

APXS = /usr/sbin/apxs

PYTHON = /usr/local/bin/python

DESTDIR =

LIBEXECDIR = /usr/libexec/apache2

CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG

CFLAGS = -Wc,'-arch x86_64'

LDFLAGS = -Wl,-F/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks -framework Python -u _PyMac_Error -arch x86_64

LDLIBS = -ldl -framework CoreFoundation

all : mod_wsgi.la

mod_wsgi.la : mod_wsgi.c

$(APXS) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) mod_wsgi.c $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS)

$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) :

mkdir -p $@

install : all $(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR)

$(APXS) -i -S LIBEXECDIR=$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) -n 'mod_wsgi' mod_wsgi.la

clean :

-rm -rf .libs

-rm -f mod_wsgi.o mod_wsgi.la mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.slo mod_wsgi.loT

-rm -f config.log config.status

-rm -rf autom4te.cache

distclean : clean

-rm -f Makefile Makefile.in

realclean : distclean

-rm -f configure

However, this Makefile is not correct and running ‘make’ the compiler will complain something like:

mod_wsgi.c:34:10: fatal error: 'httpd.h' file not found

1	mod_wsgi.c:34:10: fatal error: 'httpd.h' file not found

Prepend the following line to CPPFLAGS value:

-I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2

-I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2

Save the Makefile and it will look something like:

#  Copyright 2007 GRAHAM DUMPLETON                                               
#                                                                                
#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");               
#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.              
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                       
#                                                                                
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                
#                                                                                
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software           
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,             
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.      
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and           
#  limitations under the License.                                                

APXS = /usr/sbin/apxs                                                            
PYTHON = /usr/local/bin/python                                                   

DESTDIR =                                                                        
LIBEXECDIR = /usr/libexec/apache2                                                

CPPFLAGS =  -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode. app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2 -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG
CFLAGS =   -Wc,'-arch x86_64'                                                             
LDFLAGS =  -Wl,-F/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks -framework Python -u _PyMac_Error   -arch x86_64
LDLIBS =  -ldl  -framework CoreFoundation                                        

all : mod_wsgi.la                                                                

mod_wsgi.la : mod_wsgi.c                                                         
    $(APXS) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) mod_wsgi.c $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS)             

$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) :                                                        
    mkdir -p $@                                                                  

install : all $(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR)                                            
    $(APXS) -i -S LIBEXECDIR=$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) -n 'mod_wsgi' mod_wsgi.la 

clean :                                                                          
    -rm -rf .libs                                                                
    -rm -f mod_wsgi.o mod_wsgi.la mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.slo mod_wsgi.loT          
    -rm -f config.log config.status                                              
    -rm -rf autom4te.cache                                                       

distclean : clean                                                                
    -rm -f Makefile Makefile.in                                                  

realclean : distclean                                                            
    -rm -f configure

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

# You may obtain a copy of the License at

# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

APXS = /usr/sbin/apxs

PYTHON = /usr/local/bin/python

DESTDIR =

LIBEXECDIR = /usr/libexec/apache2

CPPFLAGS = -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode. app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2 -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG

CFLAGS = -Wc,'-arch x86_64'

LDFLAGS = -Wl,-F/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.5/Frameworks -framework Python -u _PyMac_Error -arch x86_64

LDLIBS = -ldl -framework CoreFoundation

all : mod_wsgi.la

mod_wsgi.la : mod_wsgi.c

$(APXS) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) mod_wsgi.c $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS)

$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) :

mkdir -p $@

install : all $(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR)

$(APXS) -i -S LIBEXECDIR=$(DESTDIR)$(LIBEXECDIR) -n 'mod_wsgi' mod_wsgi.la

clean :

-rm -rf .libs

-rm -f mod_wsgi.o mod_wsgi.la mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.slo mod_wsgi.loT

-rm -f config.log config.status

-rm -rf autom4te.cache

distclean : clean

-rm -f Makefile Makefile.in

realclean : distclean

-rm -f configure

Then make && install:

mod_wsgi-3.4$ make
mod_wsgi-3.4$ sudo make install

1 2	mod_wsgi-3.4$ make mod_wsgi-3.4$ sudo make install

Modify /etc/apache2/httpd.conf to enable mod_wsgi:

LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so

1	LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so

mod_xsendfile

Use the following command to compile and install mod_xsendfile:

sudo apxs -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2 -cia mod_xsendfile.c

sudo apxs -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apr-1 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/apache2 -cia mod_xsendfile.c

Enabling HTTPS/SSL

After upgrading OS X the apache configuration was reset, but your original config is save to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf.pre-update. I need to enable SSL in httpd.conf again by uncommenting the following line:

# Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

1	# Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

Restart Apache and everything should work fine

sudo apachectl restart

1	sudo apachectl restart

3 Comments

Installing mod_xsendfile on OS X Lion

Published 2012/11/14 by Daoyuan Li

First download mod_xsendfile.c from https://tn123.org/mod_xsendfile/

Then compile and install it:

sudo apxs -cia mod_xsendfile.c

1	sudo apxs -cia mod_xsendfile.c

Add the following line to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf at the end of the first block of “Load” statements:

LoadModule xsendfile_module libexec/apache2/mod_xsendfile.so

1	LoadModule xsendfile_module libexec/apache2/mod_xsendfile.so

At last, restart the apache server

sudo apachectl restart

1	sudo apachectl restart

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Tag: Apache